This article gives a brief summary for quick revision during exams, and MCQs of NBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 10 "Map Reading"
Contents
Summary for quick revision during exams
MCQs: Exercise
MCQs: Extras
Introduction to the chapter Map Reading: A map is a representation of a portion of the entire Earth's surface drawn to scale on a plain sheet of paper, cloth, or wood. It provides an overall, bird's-eye view of a location. A map allows you to see the entire Earth at a glance. As a result, maps were created in order to study the Earth and learn about the various features found on its surface.
- An Atlas is a map book. It has a large collection of maps covering the entire world as well as many different themes.
- Maps depict the physical and political features of the world as well as individual countries.
- Some maps are based on themes such as climate, wildlife, resources, and population-related characteristics of specific countries or the entire world.
- A sketch is a rough drawing of an area that is not true to scale and is based on memory and field observation. It is a simple map that only shows a few landmarks. They can be used to investigate a specific feature, such as a road network.
- A plan is a large-scale map that accurately depicts all minor details of a small area.
Types of maps
Maps are created using information. They represent physical characteristics such as annual rainfall, vegetation, and so on. They can also be classified based on the scale used to draw the maps.
- Physical maps contain information about the Earth's relief features or landforms such as mountains, peaks, plateaus, plains, rivers, oceans, and so on.
- Political maps depict the borders of various countries, as well as their states, capitals, cities, towns, and villages.
- Thematic Maps display only a set of features. They are based on specific data. They could be cultural maps of roads, railways, industries, minerals, population, and so on.
- Small Scale Maps depict extremely large areas on a single map. As a result, they cannot display details, such as maps in atlases, particularly world maps or maps of countries and continents.
- Large Scale Maps depict small areas in greater detail, such as city guide maps.
- Ordinance Survey Map or Topographical Map depicts, as much as the scale of the map allows, both natural and man-made features of the ground
The grid reference
As previously stated, the topographical maps feature a national grid of squares drawn to a scale of 2 cm: 1 km, with each square having a 1 km side. These are the sheets that are most commonly used for various purposes and are extremely useful in the field.
- The vertical lines on any of these sheets are referred to as Eastings because they are numbered from West to East.
- Similarly, because they are numbered from South to North, the horizontal lines are known as Northings.
- The Grid is a network of horizontal and vertical lines, or Eastings and Northings. It is also known as the Grid Reference.
Essential features of maps
Maps have three components: direction, distance (scale), and symbols. Though maps come in a variety of shapes and sizes, the latitude and longitude of the area are usually mentioned along the map's edges.
- The direction or cardinal points are usually marked at the top comer of the map by a vertical line with an arrow, a north line pointing to the north.
- The scale of the map to represent distance is marked at the bottom or corner of the map.
- Details are represented by conventional signs and symbols without making the map clumsy.
Directions
The most important aspect of a map is its orientation. It is necessary and useful to describe the location of one place in relation to another.
- With reference to the North line, four major directions can be determined: North (N), South (S), East (E), and West (W).
- The directions are known as Cardinal directions, and the points are known as Cardinal points.
- North-East (NE), Southeast (SE), South-West (SW), and North-West (NW) are the intermediate directions between these points (NW).
Map scale
The scale ratio is the ratio of the distance on the map to the actual distance on the ground. The map distance is the distance between any two points on the map measured along a straight line.
Conventional signs and symbols
Maps contain a wealth of information. A map depicts physical features such as mountains, peaks, rivers, and forests, as well as political boundaries and social and cultural features such as towns, settlements, temples, churches, mosques, roads, railways, and bridges.
- It is not possible to display them in their true shape and size on the map. Furthermore, it is not possible to label all of the features on the given map.
- As a result, detailed maps must employ a wide range of signs, symbols, colours, and letters to convey all of the various features without becoming clumsy.
- Many symbols have obvious meanings, but a key or legend can help you understand them better.
I. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): Exercise
1. A representation or a drawing of a part of the Earth's surface on a flat surface according to scale is called a:
Answer: (b) Map
2. A small scale map shows a:
Answer: (b) Large area with less details
3. Which of the following is an intermediate direction?
Answer: (c) North-West
4. A map showing the distribution of industries is a :
Answer: (c) Thematic map
5. The ratio between the actual distance on the ground and the distance shown on the map is called a:
Answer: (c) Scale
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): Extras
1. A map that contains information about relief features or landforms of the Earth like mountains, peaks, rivers, plateaus and oceans is called:
A. Physical map
B. Political map
C. Thematic map
D. Topographical map
Answer: A. Physical map
2. The pole star is vertically above
A.South pole
B. East pole
C. North pole
D. West pole
Answer: C. North pole
3. A true representation of the spherical earth in the form of a model is a
A. Map
B. Atlas
C. Scale
D. Globe
Answer: D. Globe
4. The distance between any two points on the map measured along a straight line is
A. Map distance
B. Direction
C. Ground distance
D. Sketch
Answer: A. Map distance
5. The network of horizontal and vertical lines or the Eastings and Northings is called
A. Conventional signs
B. Symbols
C. Scale
D. Grid
Answer: D. Grid
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